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2FA Explained (SMS vs Authenticator Apps vs TOTP)
Two Locks Are Better Than One!
Even with strong passwords, a key can be stolen. Multi-Factor Authentication (2FA) adds a second layer of defense.
The 3 Factors of Authentication
- Something You Know: Password or PIN.
- Something You Have: Authenticator app, phone, or hardware key.
- Something You Are: Fingerprint, Face ID, or iris scan.
Comparing 2FA Methods (From Weakest to Strongest)
| Method | Security Level | Vulnerability |
|---|---|---|
| SMS / Text Message | ⚠️ Low | SIM Swapping (attackers trick phone carriers into transferring your phone number) |
| Email Verification | 🟡 Medium | Vulnerable if your primary email is compromised |
| Authenticator Apps (TOTP) | 🟢 High | Time-based 6-digit codes (Aegis, Ente Auth, 2FAS) |
| Hardware Keys (FIDO2) | 🛡️ Maximum | Phishing-resistant physical USB key |
Warning
Avoid SMS 2FA whenever possible! Cybercriminals frequently target phone carriers to hijack phone numbers via SIM swaps and intercept SMS codes.